אנסין באנגלית כיתה ט׳ · טקסט מידע
How Vaccines Teach the Body
טקסט מידע פשוט שמסביר איך חיסון מלמד את מערכת החיסון לזהות חיידקים ונגיפים — אנסין באנגלית לכיתה ט׳.
נגעו בכל מילה לתרגום ולהשמעה · מילים עם קו מקווקו — ברשימת המילים המוסברות
1Every day, your body meets millions of tiny , such as viruses and bacteria. Most of them are harmless, but some can make you sick. Luckily, your body has its own army: the immune system.
2When a dangerous germ enters the body, special white blood cells notice that it does not belong there. They produce , proteins that to the germ and help it. This takes time, often several days, and during those days you may feel ill. But the immune system also does something clever. After the fight, it keeps "memory cells" that remember the germ. If the same germ returns, the body it and reacts much faster, often before you feel anything at all.
3A vaccine uses this memory. It shows the immune system a harmless version of a germ, or just a small part of it, so the body can practise without getting really sick. It is a little like a fire drill at school: nobody is in danger, but everyone learns what to do if a real fire happens.
4The idea is more than two hundred years old. In 1796, an English doctor named Edward Jenner tested an old belief: people who had caught cowpox, a disease, seemed to be protected from smallpox, a much more dangerous illness. His work led to the first vaccine. In 1980, after many years of vaccination, the world was free of smallpox.
5After a vaccine, some people have a sore arm or a light fever for a day or two. This is usually a sign that the immune system is learning. Vaccines also protect the people around us. When most people in a are vaccinated, a germ has a hard time spreading, so babies and people who cannot get certain vaccines are safer too.
📘 Glossary — מילים מוסברות
- germs — חיידקים ונגיפים (מחוללי מחלות)
- immune system — מערכת החיסון
- antibodies — נוגדנים
- attach — להיצמד
- destroy — להשמיד
- recognizes — מזהה
- mild — קל, לא חמור
- declared — הוכרז
- community — קהילה
Questions
איתור מידע
1. Circle the correct answer. According to paragraph 2, antibodies…איתור מידע
2. Why may you feel ill when your body fights a new germ?הפניה (למה המילה מתייחסת)
3. What does the word "it" in paragraph 3 ("or just a small part of it") refer to?איתור מידע
4. Give TWO things that a vaccine can show the immune system.מטרה ומבנה
5. Why does the writer mention a fire drill in paragraph 3?איתור מידע
6. Complete the sentence. Edward Jenner tested the belief that people who had caught cowpox ___.משמעות מילה
7. In paragraph 4, the word "mild" means…איתור מידע
8. According to paragraph 5, what does a sore arm after a vaccine usually show?הסקת מסקנות
9. Why are babies safer when most people in a community are vaccinated?רעיון מרכזי
10. Which sentence best describes the main idea of the text?
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