בדיבור עקיף מספרים מה מישהו אמר, בלי לצטט אותו מילה במילה: "I am tired," Dan said → Dan said that he was tired. ברוב המקרים הזמן "זז אחורה".
said או told?
לא אומרים said me, ולא told that בלי מישהו.
| מבנה | דוגמה |
|---|
| say | said (that) … | He said (that) he was busy. |
| tell | told + מישהו + (that) … | He told me (that) he was busy. |
| say to | said to + מישהו | He said to me that he was busy. |
זמן אחד אחורה
| דיבור ישיר | דיבור עקיף |
|---|
| Present Simple: "I like it." | Past Simple: she said she liked it. |
| Present Progressive: "I am working." | Past Progressive: he said he was working. |
| Past Simple: "I saw it." | Past Perfect: she said she had seen it. |
| Present Perfect: "I have finished." | Past Perfect: he said he had finished. |
| will | would |
| can | could |
| may | might |
| must | had to |
שינויי זמן, מקום וכינויים
| ישיר | עקיף |
|---|
| now | then |
| today | that day |
| tomorrow | the next day / the following day |
| yesterday | the day before / the previous day |
| next week | the following week |
| ago | before |
| here | there |
| this | that |
| I / my | he, she / his, her (לפי מי שדיבר) |
שאלות
בשאלה עקיפה אין do / did ואין סימן שאלה, והסדר הוא של משפט רגיל: where I lived (ולא where did I live).
| סוג | ישיר | עקיף |
|---|
| כן / לא | "Do you like pizza?" | She asked (me) if / whether I liked pizza. |
| WH | "Where do you live?" | He asked me where I lived. |
בקשות ופקודות
- "Close the door," said the teacher.The teacher told us to close the door.
- "Don't run!" said Mom.Mom told us not to run.
- "Please help me," she said.She asked me to help her.
מתי לא מזיזים אחורה?
כשפועל הדיווח בהווה: She says she is tired.
כשמדובר בעובדה שעדיין נכונה: The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.
13 שאלות. בוחרים תשובה ומקבלים מיד הסבר.
1. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"I am tired," said Dan. → Dan said that he ___ tired.2. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"I will call you," she said. → She said she ___ call me.3. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"We are watching TV," they said. → They said they ___ TV.4. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"I saw the movie," Noa said. → Noa said she ___ the movie.5. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
He ___ me that he was busy.6. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
She ___ that she liked the book.7. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"Where do you live?" he asked. → He asked me where I ___.8. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"Do you like pizza?" she asked. → She asked ___ I liked pizza.9. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"Close the door," the teacher said. → The teacher told us ___ the door.10. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"Don't run!" Mom said. → Mom told us ___.11. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"I'll do it tomorrow," he said. → He said he would do it ___.12. בחרו את התשובה הנכונה:
"I can swim," said Tom. → Tom said he ___ swim.13. איזה משפט נכון?
🖨️ דף עבודה להדפסה
תזכורת של החוק, 6 משפטי השלמה, 13 שאלות אמריקאיות ודף תשובות עם הסברים.
